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action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home3/tjomlqte/public_html/website_e7432e64/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6121Source: https:\/\/earthsky.org\/earth\/january-birthstone-garnet\/<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n If you were born in January, the garnet is your birthstone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n People often think of garnets as red gemstones. In reality, garnets come in a variety of colors. They come from around the world, and people have used them as jewelry since the Bronze Age<\/a>. Most garnets mined today are not gem-quality stones. Instead, they\u2019re used in industry, primarily as abrasives. Only those with the right size, color and clarity are cut to make splendid gemstones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The name garnet<\/em> originated from the Latin granatus<\/em> meaning seed<\/em>. It may be a reference to the pomegranate, because small garnet crystals resemble the pomegranate\u2019s red seeds<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n See the moon\u2019s phase for every day in 2022. EarthSky lunar calendars now available! Going fast! Get yours now.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Garnets are a group of silicate minerals that occur with slightly different chemical compositions. Depending on the environment where they formed, garnet crystals may contain varying amounts of calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, aluminum and chromium. As a result of these differences, garnets come in different colors, opacities, and a hardness range of 6.0 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Most garnets<\/a> form when sedimentary<\/a> rock, like shale, undergoes metamorphosis, that is, the rocks are structurally changed when subjected to tremendous heat and pressure. Such conditions happen where tectonic plates converge<\/a>. In these conditions, minerals recrystallize into forms that are more stable in that high temperature and pressure environment. Some become garnets. To a lesser extent, garnets are also found in igneous<\/a> rocks such as granite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Because garnets are hard, they largely retain their shape when weather erodes the metamorphic<\/a> and igneous rocks they crystallized in. They end up in sediment that becomes soil, sand or sedimentary rock. Miners get garnets from these formations because it\u2019s easier to extract the crystals. Almost half of the world\u2019s supply<\/a> comes from Australia. Other major sources are India, China and the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Garnets can come in different colors<\/a> due to the presence of certain elements. Almandine<\/em> has iron and aluminum, resulting in deep red, brownish-red and black crystals. Pyrope<\/em> garnets are red due to magnesium and aluminum. Spessartine<\/em> has manganese and aluminum that give it an orange color. Grossular<\/em> contains calcium and aluminum that produces mostly green crystals but also cinnamon-brown, red and yellow. Andradite<\/em> garnets are red, yellow, brown and green due to calcium and iron. Uvarovite<\/em> is a rare calcium chromium garnet variety that produces bright green gems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Garnets occur in a range of opacities, from completely opaque to transparent. Some garnets contain inclusions \u2013 tiny bits of other rocks \u2013 that reflect light to create a star-like pattern in the stone. Inclusions can also cause the gemstone to appear to change colors under different lighting conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n People have used garnets since the Bronze Age<\/a>. Archaeologists discovered<\/a> red garnet jewelry in the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs dating to 3100 BCE<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ancient Greeks and Romans also prized<\/a> the gems. They wore garnet jewelry, including carved garnets on signet rings used to stamp wax seals on documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n In Staffordshire, England, a man using a metal detector discovered a large collection<\/a> of Anglo-Saxon gold and silver metalwork in 2009. Known as the Staffordshire hoard, the artifacts date to the 6th and 7th century. They include 3,500 pieces of garnet cloisonn\u00e9<\/a> jewelry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Around the start of the 16th century, the discovery of garnet deposits in Bohemia (in current-day Czech Republic) set off a thriving garnet jewelry industry<\/a> in Europe. The gemstone remained popular through Victorian times until interest declined at the turn of the 20th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Much of the early history and mythology of garnets intertwines<\/a> with other red gemstones such as rubies<\/a> and spinels<\/a>. Ancient jewelers were often unable to distinguish between these red gems, which they called carbuncles.<\/p>\n\n\n\nCharacteristics of the January birthstone, garnet<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Garnets come in many colors<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Garnets in history<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Mythology behind the January birthstone<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n